Maturation Ponds
Maturation ponds (low-cost polishing ponds), which generally follow either the primary or secondary facultative pond, are primarily designed for tertiary treatment, i.e., the removal…
Category: Sewage Treatment
TYPES OF SEWERS
Need for Alternate Types of Sewers Installation of conventional sewerage system is not possible in many situations due to the following reasons: The per…
SEWERS DESIGN CRITERIA
Depth of Flow The sewers are always designed for the partial flow conditions. The purpose of maintaining partial flow in sewers is to maintain…
SELECTION OF PIPE MATERIALS
The following factors should be considered in the selection of pipe materials for sewers: Technical factors Length of pipes: Individual pipe lengths vary considerably…
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CORROSION IN SEWERS
Causes for Crown Corrosion Bacteria in the slime under flowing sewage convert sulphates in the sewage into sulphides. Sulphides in the liquid make their…
RAIN FALL
The intensity of rainfall is the rate at which the rain is falling and it is expressed in cm/hr. For example, during a particular…
ESTIMATION OF SEWAGE FLOW AND STORM RUNOFF
SOURCES OF WASTEWATER The wastewater is generated from domestic, industrial and agricultural activities. From domestic sources the wastewaters are generated from toilet known as…
Types & Functions of Waste Stabilization Ponds
WSPs are of Two types; Single pond or Primary facultative pond and Multi-cell pond system. Single Pond or Primary Facultative Lagoon In general, the…
Trickling Water Filters
Trickling Filters in Waste Water Treatment A Trickling water treatment filter (TF), an attached growth system, consists of a fixed bed of highly permeable…
DESIGN ASPECTS OF THE RESERVOIRS
1.Number of Storage Reservoirs Urban water systems should have at least one elevated tank for each of the areas. Two tanks (or a tank…