Water Softner
Softener Water Treatment
What is Hardness?
Hardness is caused by hard water containing high concentration of calcium and magnesium ions. Water is considered to be hard if it has a hardness of 100 mg/L or more...
Corrosion in Water Treatment
Corrosion in Water Treatment Equipment
Corrosion is the rusting of metal in pipes or tanks due to the corrosive action of either water or soil. Scales are deposits caused by the deposition of calcium...
Environment Chemistry
What is Environment Chemistry ?
Environment is defined as ” the aggregate of surrounding things, conditions, or influences such as water, land, air, space and sun “. To use the word...
Sludge Disposal
The sludge which is found in the bottom of a sedimentation tank in water treatment plant is primarily composed of water. The solids in the sludge are mainly flocs, excess coagulant, such as alum. Alum sludge...
EFFICIENCY OF DISINFECTION
The efficiency of the disinfection depends upon the following factors:
Nature of the disinfectant,
Dose of the disinfectant,
Length of contact time with the disinfectant,
Temperature,
Type and concentration...
Advantages and Disadvantages of Water Softening
Advantages of water Softening are:
Water Softening will deal with the problems caused by hard water such as excessive soap use and scaling.
Depending on the type of water softening process used, softening may...
Water Softening Conditioning Process
Water Softener is mainly using for making soft water.
Softener Operation Process:
Softener Parts:
Softener Designs:
Softening is the removal of hardness from water. This is not a required part of the...
Oper & Main of Pumps and Plumbing station
Operation and Maintenance of Pumps and Pumping Stations
The preventive maintenance procedures related to pumps and pumping stations are listed below:
i. Inspect pump station daily to
Determine pump condition,...
Operation and Maintenance for Water Supply Systems
1.TERMINOLOGY
Operation of water supply system is timely and daily operation of the components of a water supply system such as headworks, treatment plant, machinery and equipment, transmission mains, service...
Water Treatment Filters
HIGH RATE WATER TREATMENT FILTERS
High rate water treatment filters, which operate at a rate two to three times that of rapid sand filters, use a combination of filter media, not just sand. The combination...
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